Summer is the worst time for your air conditioner to break down. With Nevada’s scorching temperatures regularly soaring above 100°F, your system is pushed to its limit. Many of these breakdowns stem from neglecting key AC essentials, the basic but crucial maintenance practices that keep your system operating reliably.
If you’re constantly lowering your thermostat but still sweating, your AC is likely struggling with clogged filters, refrigerant leaks, dirty coils, or a failing fan system. Each of these common problems reduces cooling efficiency, spikes your energy bill, and increases the likelihood of total system failure.
The good news? Most summer failures are preventable. With regular AC maintenance/repair, plus a solid understanding of your system’s most vulnerable points, you can stay cool and avoid emergency calls. Below, we’ll walk you through the most common failure causes and how to address them.
Most common causes of AC failure in summer
When temperatures rise, air conditioners work overtime, making them more vulnerable to breaking down. Several specific issues typically cause AC failures during hot summer months. Understanding these AC essentials can help you prevent discomfort, costly repairs, and system downtime.
Clogged air filters and blocked airflow
Dirty air filters are one of the most common culprits behind AC problems. When filters become clogged with dust and debris, they restrict airflow throughout your system. This forces your AC unit to work harder to push air through.
The result? Higher energy bills and increased strain on your system components. Poor airflow can cause your evaporator coils to freeze up, preventing proper cooling of your home.
We recommend checking your air filters monthly during summer. Replace them every 1–3 months depending on:
- Pet ownership
- Number of occupants
- Local air quality
- Filter thickness
Ensuring proper airflow also means keeping vents unblocked by furniture and making sure return air grilles aren't covered. This is one of the most fundamental AC essentials for any homeowner.
To support airflow and system efficiency, explore our full HVAC services.
Low refrigerant levels and refrigerant leaks
Refrigerant is crucial for your AC system's cooling process. It absorbs heat from inside your home and releases it outside. When refrigerant levels drop due to leaks, your AC's cooling capacity diminishes significantly.
Signs of refrigerant issues include:
- Warm air blowing from vents
- Hissing sounds near the indoor unit
- Ice formation on refrigerant lines
- Longer cooling cycles
Refrigerant leaks typically stem from wear and tear on components over time. Unlike fuel, refrigerant doesn't get "used up" during normal operation, its presence in your system should remain constant.
These leaks require professional AC maintenance/repair. A certified HVAC technician needs to find the leak, fix it, and recharge the system with the correct amount of refrigerant. Attempting to recharge refrigerant yourself is unsafe and illegal without EPA certification.
Schedule an AC repair with a licensed technician to address these problems correctly.
Dirty evaporator and condenser coils
Your AC has two types of coils that are essential for cooling: evaporator coils (inside) and condenser coils (outside). Both collect dirt over time, and buildup on either can lead to serious cooling inefficiencies.
Dirty evaporator coils can’t absorb heat effectively from indoor air. This reduces cooling capacity and forces your system to run longer cycles. You may notice poor performance, higher bills, and inconsistent temperatures.
Outdoor condenser coils get especially dirty due to exposure to elements. Dust, grime, pollen, and yard debris can coat these coils. When they’re clogged, heat transfer becomes inefficient, and your system works harder to expel heat.
We recommend professional cleaning of coils annually before summer begins. You can help maintain outdoor condenser coils by:
- Keeping the area around your outdoor unit clear
- Gently rinsing the exterior with a hose (power off)
- Trimming vegetation at least 2 feet back from all sides
These routine coil checks and cleanings are central to any solid AC maintenance/repair plan. Learn more about our cooling systems maintenance services to protect your unit before peak season hits.
Faulty thermostat or incorrect settings
Your thermostat is the command center for your AC system. When it malfunctions or isn’t programmed correctly, cooling problems follow—sometimes mimicking more serious issues.
Common thermostat issues include:
- Battery failure
- Wiring problems
- Location in direct sunlight
- Calibration errors
A faulty thermostat might cause your AC to run constantly, short cycle, or not turn on at all. Check if your thermostat display is functioning, and if temperature readings seem accurate.
Incorrect settings also cause issues. Setting the temperature too low won’t cool your home faster, it just makes your system work harder for longer periods. We recommend setting your summer cooling to around 78°F when home and slightly higher when away.
If your current thermostat is outdated or poorly placed, upgrading to a smart thermostat can be one of the smartest AC essentials for modern homes. These devices improve comfort, lower energy use, and support long-term system health.
How to diagnose and fix AC problems
When your air conditioner fails during summer, you can often solve the problem yourself with some basic troubleshooting. Knowing how to identify early warning signs is one of the most valuable AC essentials, and early action can save you money, prevent discomfort, and avoid major system damage.
Checking and replacing air filters
Dirty air filters are a leading cause of AC problems. They restrict airflow, forcing your system to work harder and less efficiently. Fortunately, this is also one of the easiest fixes.
To check your filter:
- Locate the return air duct or the filter slot near your indoor unit
- Remove the filter and hold it up to the light
- If you can't see through it, it's time for a replacement
Most homes need filter replacements every 1–3 months. Choose the right size and MERV rating (Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value) for your system. Note: higher isn’t always better, a filter that’s too restrictive can actually worsen airflow.
After installing a new filter, monitor your system. You should notice improved airflow and cooler temperatures within hours.
Pro tip: Write the replacement date on the edge of your new filter to stay on schedule—this simple habit is an often-overlooked AC essential.
Explore our full HVAC services if airflow issues persist even after filter replacement.
Inspecting refrigerant lines and pressure
Low refrigerant is a common reason for warm air blowing from your AC. Because your system depends on precise refrigerant levels, even a small drop can disrupt cooling performance.
Here’s what to check:
- Look at the copper refrigerant lines going to your outdoor unit
- They should feel cool and be free of ice or frost
- Visible ice buildup or oily residue near connections may indicate a leak
Refrigerant doesn’t evaporate—it circulates in a closed system. So if your levels are low, you likely have a leak.
Important: Never attempt to refill refrigerant yourself. It’s hazardous to handle and illegal without proper EPA certification.
Schedule professional AC repair to test pressure levels, identify leaks, and restore performance safely.
Cleaning coils and improving air flow
When condenser coils are covered in debris, your AC system can’t release heat effectively. This means longer cooling cycles, less comfort, and higher bills.
To clean your outdoor condenser unit:
- Turn off power at the breaker box
- Remove visible debris (leaves, grass clippings, sticks) from around the unit
- Gently spray coils with a hose (avoid high-pressure washers)
- Use a soft brush to remove stubborn dirt between fins
Indoor evaporator coils are harder to reach but equally important. If they appear dusty or clogged (visible through the access panel), it’s time to call a professional for deep cleaning.
Don’t forget: airflow also depends on your ductwork and vents. Ensure vents are open and unblocked. If you haven’t had ducts inspected in years, this might be affecting efficiency and comfort.
These cleanings are part of standard AC maintenance/repair, and our coil maintenance service can keep your system cooling at peak performance.
Calibrating or upgrading the thermostat
Thermostat issues often appear as cooling inconsistencies—even when your AC is technically running.
Here’s how to verify proper function:
- Make sure the thermostat is set to “cool” mode
- Set the temperature lower than the room’s current temp
- If battery-powered, replace batteries and check the display
- Use a nearby thermometer to check for calibration accuracy
If your thermostat is located in direct sunlight, near windows, or close to heat-producing appliances, its readings may be skewed. This causes your AC to cycle incorrectly and increases energy waste.
Upgrading to a smart thermostat offers better control, more accurate temperature settings, and potential savings. Many smart models adapt to your usage patterns and provide remote access, making them one of the most effective modern AC essentials.
Need help upgrading or troubleshooting thermostat issues? Contact our team for expert guidance.
Preventive measures to avoid summer AC breakdowns
Taking proactive steps can significantly reduce the risk of AC failures during the hottest months. Regular upkeep and proper system design are crucial for maintaining cool comfort when temperatures soar. These are some of the most important AC essentials every homeowner should follow.
Routine AC maintenance and professional inspections
Professional maintenance is the cornerstone of AC reliability. We recommend scheduling inspections at least twice yearly—once in spring before heavy usage begins and again in fall. During these visits, technicians check refrigerant levels, clean coils, and identify potential issues before they cause breakdowns.
Changing air filters is a simple task with major benefits. Dirty filters restrict airflow, forcing your system to work harder and increasing failure risk. Replace standard filters every 1–3 months depending on usage and household conditions.
Don't overlook your outdoor unit. Keep the area around it clear of debris, leaves, and vegetation (at least 2 feet of clearance). Rinse the unit gently with a hose to remove built-up dirt, but always turn off power first for safety.
Check drain lines regularly for clogs. A backed-up drain can cause water damage and system shutdowns. Pour a cup of vinegar through the line every few months to prevent algae growth.
Routine service like this is the foundation of smart AC maintenance/repair. Explore our full HVAC service offerings to get on a professional maintenance plan.
Proper AC installation and sizing
Correct sizing is critical for central air conditioning performance. An undersized unit will run constantly without adequately cooling, while an oversized system cycles too frequently, increasing wear and energy costs. Professional load calculations ensure your new unit matches your home's exact needs.
Proper installation affects system efficiency by up to 30%. We always verify correct refrigerant charge, adequate airflow, and proper electrical connections during installation. These factors directly impact performance and longevity.
Consider your climate when selecting equipment. In humid areas, units with good moisture removal capabilities perform better. Two-stage or variable-speed systems provide more consistent comfort in regions with wide temperature swings.
Learn more about choosing and installing the right system for your home and local climate.
Portable air conditioners can supplement central systems during extreme heat waves, reducing strain on your main unit during peak demand periods.
Ensuring adequate insulation and air duct condition
Insulation quality significantly impacts cooling efficiency. Check attic insulation levels, most homes benefit from R-30 to R-60 ratings depending on climate zone. Proper insulation reduces heat gain, allowing your AC to maintain temperatures more easily.
Inspect air ducts for leaks, which can waste up to 30% of cooled air. Sealing ducts with mastic or metal-backed tape (not duct tape) improves efficiency immediately. Focus on accessible ducts in attics, basements, and crawlspaces.
Duct insulation is essential in unconditioned spaces. Wrap ducts with R-6 or higher insulation to prevent temperature loss and condensation issues.
Consider professional duct cleaning if systems haven't been serviced in years or after renovation projects. While not needed annually, removing accumulated dust and debris improves airflow and indoor air quality.
Taking these proactive steps is among the most effective long-term AC essentials for homeowners who want consistent cooling performance and lower risk of unexpected summer breakdowns.
When to call an HVAC professional
While some AC issues can be fixed with simple DIY solutions, certain problems require expert help. Knowing when to call in a professional can save you time, money, and prevent further damage to your system. Recognizing these situations is part of the most important AC essentials any homeowner should know.
Identifying signs of major AC system failure
If your A/C unit makes unusual noises like grinding, scraping, or squealing, contact an HVAC professional immediately. These sounds often indicate serious mechanical problems that could lead to complete system failure.
Moisture or water pooling around your unit isn't normal. This could signal a refrigerant leak (freon) or a blocked drain line. Both issues need professional attention, especially refrigerant leaks, which require special certification to handle.
When your AC runs constantly but doesn't cool your home, or if you notice your outdoor fan isn't spinning, call a pro. These symptoms often point to compressor issues or electrical problems that aren't safe for DIY repairs.
A frozen evaporator coil requires professional diagnosis. While changing filters might help, the root cause could be refrigerant issues or airflow problems that need expert attention. Schedule expert AC maintenance or repair if you're experiencing any of these signs.
Weighing repair versus replacement
Consider the age of your A/C system when deciding between repair and replacement. Most AC systems last 10–15 years. If yours is approaching this age and needs costly repairs, replacement might be more economical.
We recommend getting a professional assessment when repair costs exceed 50% of a new unit's price. An HVAC technician can provide a cost-benefit analysis based on your system's condition and efficiency.
Energy bills that keep climbing despite repairs often signal that your system is losing efficiency. Modern AC units use up to 40% less energy than older models, making replacement a cost-effective choice in the long run.
When outdoor temperatures continuously exceed your HVAC system's capacity, a professional can help determine if you need a larger unit or supplemental cooling options for extreme heat. If you're considering an upgrade, explore our installation services for guidance on selecting a properly sized and efficient system.
Calling a certified technician at the right time is not just about fixing a problem, it’s about preserving comfort, avoiding costlier breakdowns, and extending the life of your equipment through proper AC maintenance/repair.
Conclusion
When summer hits its peak, your air conditioning system becomes essential, not just for comfort, but for safety and energy efficiency. Fortunately, most seasonal breakdowns are avoidable with the right combination of AC essentials: proper system sizing, routine filter changes, refrigerant monitoring, and regular AC maintenance/repair.
By staying proactive, you reduce your chances of emergency breakdowns, lower your energy bills, and extend the lifespan of your equipment. Whether you're replacing air filters, cleaning condenser coils, or scheduling professional inspections, each action contributes to more reliable, efficient cooling.
Don't wait until your system fails in the middle of a heatwave. Contact Mountain West Mechanical today for expert HVAC support, repairs, and installations designed to keep you cool, no matter how hot it gets.
